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Diabetes, one of the world’s most prevalent chronic diseases, affects over 230 million people worldwide and is continuing to affect a growing number of people each year. Countries hardest hit by the diabetes epidemic include developing nations such as India and China where rising living standards lead to poor diet and exercise practices. Also, in developed nations, like the U.S., an increase in obesity and aging population, as well as increased influx of genetically at-risk people are contributing to a rise in diabetes.
It is estimated that anywhere between 30-80% of people with diabetes, depending on the country, are unaware of their condition. This is because in the early stages of the disease there may be no signs or symptoms. As a result many people will suffer the debilitating complications of the disease that can include: heart attack, stroke, blindness, limb amputation, kidney failure, and erectile dysfunction; contributing to a shortened lifespan of about 13 years.
Clearly, there is a need for improved testing methods that make it easier to identify people with diabetes earlier so the disease itself and complications may be at least delayed if not prevented.
We now know that before a person develops diabetes they may have a condition known as pre-diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance for as many as 5-10 years beforehand. Pre-diabetes is a condition of elevated blood sugar that is reversible if detected and treated early; however, the majority of people are unaware of their condition and as a result proceed to full blown diabetes- a condition that may be controlled but at this point is no longer reversible.
Source: International Diabetes Federation
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